The main socio-demographic characteristics associated with being persistently not employed, in education or training (NEET) are early school leaving and having children.
Key types of ROI for individuals arising from TVET include employment and productivity (i.e. higher wages) as well as highly valued job-related returns.
This research summary provides evidence of the changing nature of apprenticeships over a 20-year period (1996–2016), with a focus on a comparison of trade and non-trade apprentices and trainees.