The National Reporting System (NRS) was developed to report the outcomes of English language, literacy and numeracy provision in Australia's vocational education and training and adult and community education sectors, and in labour market programs. Since its introduction, however, the NRS has been used as more than a reporting tool. It has also been used for setting standards and for curricular and assessment purposes. This publication, based on a literature review and interviews, examines the strengths and weaknesses of the NRS and identifies options for more in-depth exploration and development in a full review of the NRS. This scoping study finds there is considerable support for the NRS, but that it needs to be updated.
Vocational education and training (VET) policy is increasingly focused on the importance of quality in each VET institution's capacity to deliver effective programs. This report addresses institutional-level monitoring and evaluation of performance and provides a comprehensive model which institutes can use for this purpose. The model draws on background theory and practice and identifies a range of relevant indices across three dimensions: inputs, processes, and outputs/outcomes. The results are an important first step to an improved and empirically based understanding of the factors that contribute to successful outcomes from VET providers.
Fully on-the-job training, the majority of which is conducted in the workplace as part of the normal experience of the employee, is perceived to offer benefits to apprentices/trainees, employers and registered training organisations. This report finds fully on-the-job training is viewed by learners and registered training organisations as a good way to learn as it provides flexibility for all concerned and financial incentives to employers. With appropriate support for learners, benefits of this type of training include learning that is customised, encompasses real work experiences and is relevant to the individual and the enterprise. It also helps to identify ongoing employment opportunities for the learners and employers. Suggested areas for improvement include improving: the level of networking among students, the levels of time management skills of learners, the balance between work and study requirements, the level of theory training, and the way trainees are valued in the workplace.
The Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) scheme provides funds to help Indigenous communities in rural and remote Australia provide employment, skills development, and various essential and desirable municipal services. However, there is room to improve the range and quality of employment and community development activities available. There is also room for increasing the number of participants who engage in and complete courses leading to trade and other formal qualifications.
This paper was presented to the Australasian Evaluation Society International Conference, in Auckland, New Zealand, on 18 September 2003. It highlights the success of the National Vocational Education and Training Research and Evaluation (NVETRE) program in contributing to policy and planning in Australia.
Training packages are a key reform of the vocational education and training (VET) system. This report describes how the implementation of training packages has led to new, flexible approaches to training and assessment at six case study sites. It also shows this implementation has affected the role of registered training organisations, industry bodies, and enterprises. While most of these changes were positive, the case studies also revealed challenges experienced when these new approaches were implemented.
Generic skills are gaining importance internationally and in Australia. This 'At a glance' explains how generic skills can be fostered in vocational education and training (VET) programs and workplaces. It also focuses on research into describing, teaching, learning, assessing, recognising, and certifying these important skills, and includes the views of a variety of groups. A complementary publication 'Defining generic skills: At a glance' is also available.
Assessing generic skills in a selection of training packages is the focus of this report. Based on case studies, the authors also examine how these skills are understood by trainers and learners. The report contains a comprehensive literature review of assessment of generic skills.
This report provides a statistical overview of Indigenous peoples' participation and outcomes in vocational education and training (VET) over the period of implementation of the Australian National Training Authority's 'Partners in a learning culture' strategy. It was developed as an outcome of the mid-term review of this strategy. The data analysis provides base benchmarks against which trends over the coming years, and up to 2005 (when the strategy is due to end), can be assessed. The data are all sourced from the national VET statistical collections managed by the National Centre for Vocational Education Research.
Recognition of prior learning (RPL) and credit transfer have become widely accepted and applied in the vocational education and training (VET) sector throughout the 1990s. This review documents their development between 1995 and 2001, giving an overview of Australian research with analyses of national data for the period. This report documents how and where RPL is applied and its perceived benefits and barriers. It also discusses emerging issues and implications for VET. The authors put forward policy proposals regarding RPL and credit transfer to enhance the flexibility of training and assessment in the VET sector and assessment practices nationally.
This report examines issues the performance indicators used to compare Australia's vocational education and training (VET) system against other countries. Specifically, it presents an outline of the main indicators currently used and examines some of the problems associated with their application. A framework for developing a set of indicators to assist the understanding of the effectiveness of Australia's VET system using international comparisons is also included.
This report investigates the conduct of assessments at diploma and advanced diploma levels. It highlights differences between four certificate levels and two diploma levels in terms of the competency standards, assessment environment and assessor skills. The research also identifies a number of actions which can improve the quality of assessments at diploma and advanced diploma levels.
The study compares the relative costs and effectiveness of online learning with traditional face to face teaching methods through six case studies. These case studies provide rich detail about the operating conditions under which different types of online delivery are likely to be cost effective.
The focus of this report is on the nature of the uptake of web-based technologies and the quality of teaching and learning that is emerging. The report provides an overview of selected online vocational education and training delivery sites and explores a model for evaluating web-based flexible learning practices.
This study investigates the differences in terms of outcomes between those who completed courses at diploma level and those who chose to complete only portions of these courses. It draws on the 1999 Student Outcome Survey and compares data on graduates and module completers who either completed or undertook modules within associate diploma, diploma or advanced diploma courses. The report analyses the data on graduates and module completers by age, prior highest qualification employment, industry of employment, field of study, reasons for undertaking study, why module completers did not complete their course, student satisfaction with the course, employment outcomes and income.
A new body of research has just been completed on the returns to investment in training in Australia. Prior to this research effort, little empirical research had been undertaken on the returns to training in Australia. This research at a glance synthesises the findings of the recent Australian research.
This book provides an overview of approaches to assessing returns on investment in training. It also introduces readers to practical strategies for calculating these returns.
This review of research summarises the recent Australian VET research that relates to literacy and numeracy issues since 1990. The review concentrates on literacy and numeracy policy initiatives, impact of literacy/numeracy levels on participation in VET, approaches to delivery of literacy and numeracy support, professional development and teacher education.
This publication reviews research relating to demand for VET. Demand is expected to increase for 'knowledge work', 'soft' and literacy and numeracy skills. Current policy's focus on the needs of industry and enterprises needs to be re-evaluated in the broader context of the demands of other stakeholders who have longer term interests.
This publication provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of apprenticeships in Australia (including the introduction of traineeships and new apprenticeships). The rapid growth and transformation of the system over the past decade is examined in detail and proposals for the future of apprenticeships in Australia are explored.